impulsiveness; absence of premeditation
n.  ~ (of/on sth) humorous imitation or parody
n. result of changing round, esp accidentally, the initial sounds of two or more words when speaking, eg well-boiled icicle for well-oiled bicycle  well-oiled bicycle  well-boiled icicle
adj. happening or seen only occasionally or in a few places; occurring irregularly
adj. playful
adj. lively and full of energy
v.  ~ (from sth) begin to grow or appear; put out leaves, shoots, etc
adj. tidy and clean in appearance; smart ;
adj. lively and active
adj. not genuine or authentic; false or fake
v. reject or refuse scornfully or contemptuously
v. ~ (about/over sth) quarrel noisily (as children do), esp over unimportant matters
adj.  very dirty and unpleasant (esp because of neglect or poverty)
n. squalid state
v. ~ sth waste (time, money, etc); use sth wastefully
v.  press or squeeze (sb/sth) flat or into a pulp; crush
v.  ~ (down) (of people) sit on one's heels or on the ground with the knees drawn up under or close to the body; crouch
adj.  having a delicate stomach and easily made sick
v.  make a sucking sound as when feet are lifted from thick sticky mud
adj. adv (to be played) with each successive note short, clear anddetached; not smooth(ly)
adj.  not flowing and therefore dirty and smelling unpleasant; still and stale
adj. (of people, their appearance, behaviour, tastes, etc) serious, dull and old-fashioned; conservative
n.  position of the pieces in the game of chess in which the player whose move it is cannot move without putting his king in check
adj.  (of a person) strong and sturdy
n. ability to endure much physical or mental strain; long-lasting energy and resilience; staying-power
v.  speak with sudden pauses and a tendency to repeat rapidly the same sound or syllable (because of a speech defect or from fear, excitement, etc)
v.  ~ sth put (one's foot) down heavily on (the ground, etc); flatten (sth) by doing this
n.  sudden rush of frightened animals
v. stop the flow of (esp blood)
n. halt; stop
n. group of lines forming a unit in some types of poem; verse of poetry
n.  beginning of a journey, an activity, a plan, a race, etc; process or act of starting
adj. dignified; imposing; grand
adj.  not moving or changing; stationary
n.  law passed by Parliament or a similar law-making body and written down formally
adjfixed, done or required by statute
adj. ~ (fml usu approv , ) firm and not changing or yielding; constant
n. acting or behaving in a quiet or secret way
adj.  (of a slope, stairs, etc) rising or falling sharply, not gradually
adj. of a star or stars
n.  main central part of a plant, bush or tree coming up from the roots, from which the leaves or flowers grow
n. very unpleasant smell
adj. (of a voice) loud and powerful
n.  image,idea, character, etc that has become fixed or standardizedin a conventional form without individuality
adj.  not producing or not able to produce seeds, young or children
n. ~ for sth person who thinks that a certain goal is very important and tries to make other people aim at it
v.  feel or make unable to breathe (easily) because of lack of fresh air; suffocate
n.  mark of shame or disgrace; shameful feeling or reputation
adj. (of a manner of talking, writing, behaving, etc) stiff and unnatural; artificial
v. (infml )  ~ (of sth) have a very unpleasant and offensive smell
v. ~ on sth; ~ sb/oneself (usu in negative sentences ) restrict, limit sb/oneself to a small amount of (esp food)
n. official income (esp of a clergyman); salary ;
v. paint, draw or engrave in small dots (not in lines, etc)
v. state (sth) clearly and firmly as a requirement
n.  store of goods available for sale, distribution or use, in a shop, warehouse, etc
n. line or wall of strong upright posts, built as a defence
adj. (infml derog , )  (of food) heavy, solid and difficult to digest
n. person who has great self-control and who endures pain, discomfort or misfortune without complaining or showing signs of feeling it ,
v.  ~ sth (with sth) put (coal or some other fuel) on the fire of a furnace, an engine, etc
adj. (of a person) not easily excited; showing little or no emotion or interest
v.  ~ (down) bend forward and down
adj.  strong and thick
v.  grow or spread in an irregular or untidy manner
v.  kill by squeezing or gripping the throat tightly; throttle
n. trick, plan or scheme to deceive sb (esp an enemy)
[ stratify: ] to form or be formed in layers or strata
n.  any of a series of horizontal layers, esp of rock in the earth's crust
v. ~ A (on/over B); ~ B with A scatter sth (over a surface); cover (a surface) with scattered things; sprinkle
adj. marked with stripes, lines or furrows
n.  (fml ) severe criticism or condemnation
adj. loud and harsh; shrill
adj.  that must be obeyed; strict or severe
n. rod or bar placed in a framework to strengthen and brace it
adj. carefully considered; intentional; deliberate
adj.  spending a lot of time studying
v. (fml )  cause (sth) to be ineffective or seem absurd; negate
v.  ~ strike one's foot against sth and almost fall
n.  part of a tree left in the ground after the rest has fallen or been cut down
v.  make (a person or an animal) unconscious by a blow, esp to the head
make numb; stun; amaze
n. condition of being dazed or nearly unconscious caused by shock, drugs, alcohol, etc
adj.  strong and solid
adj. very dark; gloomy
n.  situation on the green in which an opponent's ball is between one's own ball and the hole
[ suave: ]
n. any officer in the army below the rank of captain
v.  bring under control by force; defeat
adj.  existing in the mind and not produced by things outside the mind
v. gain controlof (a country, etc); subdue; conquer ;
v.  express (instinctual urges, esp sexual ones) in more socially acceptable ways
adj.  of the greatest, most admirable kind; causing awe and reverence
adj. being perceivedor affecting the mind without one being aware of it
v.  go under the surface of a liquid, the sea, etc
adj. willing to yield to the authority of others; obedient
adj. ~ (to sb) lower in rank or position
v. use bribery or some other means to persuade (sb) to do sth illegal, esp tell lies in a court of law
n. written order requiring a person to appear in a lawcourt
adj. later; following
adj. ~  (often derog ) giving too much respect, obedience, etc; submissive
v.  sink to a lower or to the normal level
adj.  ~ connected to but smaller, of less importance,etc than sth else; subordinate
n. money paid, esp by a government, to help an industry, to support the arts, to keep prices down, etc
n. subsisting
adj.  large in amount; considerable
v. give facts to support (a claim, statement, etc); prove
adj. genuine or actual; real
v. ~ sth (fml ) include sth in a particular group, class, etc or under a rule
n. trick or excuse, esp one used to avoid difficulties, blame, failure, etc
n.  quality of being subtle
adj. ~ trying or likely to weaken or destroy a political system, an accepted belief, etc
adj. expressedbriefly and clearly; concise
to go to the aid of:RELIEVE
adj.  (of fruit and meat) juicy and delicious
v. ~ (fml ) stop resisting (temptation, illness, attack, etc); yield
v. feed with milk from the breast or udder
v.  die as a result of not being able to breathe
advocate of voting rights (for women)
v. ~ sth (esp of colour or moisture) spread all over sth
n. man courting a woman
adj.  silent, bad-tempered and gloomy
v. (fml or rhet usu fig , ) make (sth) dirty; stain; ruin or destroy (sb's reputation, etc)
adj.  (of the weather, air, etc) oppressively hot and humid
n.  summing-up; summary
adj. looking expensive and splendid
v. ~ sth/sb (fml or rhet ) separate sth/sb, esp by force or for ever
adj.  various
adj. old and barely fit for work or use
adj. thinking or showing that one thinks one is better than other people; arrogant and disdainful
superfluous; more than needed or demanded
adj.  of or on the surface only
adj. more than is needed or wanted
v. ~ sth put sth on top of sth else, esp so that what is underneath can still be seen, heard, etc
adj. in excess of the normal number; extra
v. take the place of be introduced so as to be used instead of (sth/sb)
adj.  lying flat on the back,face upwards
v. take the place of (sb/sth); replace
adj. bent or bending easily; not stiff; flexible
n, adj (person) asking humbly for sth
n. person who supplicates; suppliant
v. ~ sth (fml ) ask (sb) humbly or pleadingly for sth
n.  supposing
assumed; counterfeit; hypothetical
v.  put an end to (sth), esp by force; crush
n. ~ (of sth) too much of sth, esp of food and drink
v.  move forward in or like waves
adj. bad-tempered and unfriendly
v. suppose (sth) without having evidence that makes it certain; guess
v.  deal with (a difficulty, etc); overcome
v.  ~ sb/sth (in sth) (fml ) do or be better than sb/sth; exceed sb/sth
adj. done or acting secretly or stealthily
n. ~ (fml ) person or thing that acts or is used instead of another; substitute
n. careful watch kept on sb suspected of doing wrong
adj.  ~ to sth easily influenced or harmed by sth
v.  ~ sth (fml ) hang sth up
n. feeling of tenseness, worry, etc about what may happen
v.  bear (weight) without breaking or falling
n. food and drink; nourishment
n. stitch or stitches made in sewing up a wound, esp following an operation ,
v. walk or behave in a proud or boastful way
n. soft wet land; marsh ;
n.  large number of insects, birds, etc moving around together, esp bees following a queen bee
adj. dark or dark-skinned
n.  strip of grass or other plants cut by a mower, scythe, etc
v.  move or lean slowly from side to side
v. ~ (at sb/sth) use rude or blasphemous words in anger, surprise, etc; curse
n. rude or blasphemous word
v.  ~(to sth); ~ (sth) (up) (with sth) (cause sth to) becomelarger or bulge outwards, eg because of pressure from inside
v. be uncomfortably hot; suffer from the heat
v. change direction suddenly
v.  ~ sth (out/down) (esp Brit) rinse or flush sth by pouring large amounts of water, etc into, over or through it
n. person who swindles
v. (infml )  ~ (at) sth/sb (try to) hit sth/sb with a swinging or reckless blow
n. person who is very fond of luxury and comfort
n. person who tries to gain people's favour by insincerely flattering them and always agreeing with them
n. form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two statements, eg All men must die; I am a man; therefore I must die
=> silvan
n. relationship between two species, organisms,etc that live close together and depend on each other in various ways
n.  exact match in size and shape between the two halves of sth
similary timed; simultaneous with
adj. of or forming a synopsis
n. combining of separate parts, elements, etc to form a complex whole
adj.  made by synthesis(
n.  slab or panel with words cut or written on it, esp one fixed to a wall as a memorial ,
adj. understoodwithout being put into words; implied
adj. saying very little; uncommunicative ;
n. skill at not offending people or at gaining goodwill by saying or doing the right thing
adj. having or showing tact
adj. of or using the sense of touch
n. trace of some bad quality or decay or infection

n. object that is thought to bring good luck, eg a ring or locket
n. claw, esp of a bird of prey
v.  convert (animal skin) into leather by treating it with tannic acid, etc
peripheral; only slightly connected; digressing
adj.  that can be perceived by touch
n. person who tans skins to make leather
to tease or torment by or as if by presenting something desirable to           the view but continually keeping it out of reach
adj. ~ to sth equal in effect to sth; as good as sth
n. outburst of bad temper, esp in a child
n. length of wax-covered thread like a very thin candle burned to give light or to light other candles, etc